Definition of Logic

(PD) Fra Angelico - Fresco scene from Verspottung Christi

Larry Neal Gowdy

Why is right not wrong,

nor short be long,

and what might logic be,

if its mind is only me?

The following information is only meant to provide an improved set of basic definitions not found in dictionaries and philosophies. The brief information is not intended to imply that the definitions are complete. A fullness of definitions and explanations can be found in my other writings.

Definition of Logic

"Dictionaries typically suggest that logic is the act of reasoning, and reasoning is the act of logic. The definitions are circular and of no usefulness to the individual desiring to learn the how or why of logic and reasoning. ...Logic: (1) The inherent ability to mentally compare and weigh two or more perceptions and to mentally conclude accurately what the differences and/or similarities are between each perception. (2)..." (Logics Origin of Ethics, Morals, Virtue, and Quality, 2006.)

Logic depends on five primary ingredients in chronological sequence; sensorial perception, mental perception of sensorial perceptions, ability to store perceptions as memories, ability to recall memories, and the ability to mentally weigh each memory relative to all other memories. A logic structured upon imagination, sans firsthand sensorial perception, will forever be inaccurate. Sensorial perception itself is biased relative to the mind's existing system of logic, and logic itself is but one element within a continuous self-referencing and self-influencing cycle. As this article concludes at the end, the one deciding factor for acuity in logic, is logic itself.

Electronic Circuitry Logic

Basic logics circuitry in electronics consists of AND, NAND, OR, and NOR gates. The reasoning behind the names is obvious when the circuits are described.

The AND circuit has two inputs (1 & 2) and one output. It is useful to think of the logic circuit as a large A. The two bottom lines of the A are the inputs, and the top point is the output. If both input 1 and input 2 have voltage applied, the AND gate will turn on the output voltage. If input 1 has no voltage, the AND gate will not turn on the output voltage. If input 2 has no voltage, the AND gate will not turn on the output voltage. If neither input 1 nor input 2 have voltage, the AND gate will not turn on the output voltage. Only when input 1 and input 2 have voltage will the AND gate then supply voltage to the output.

The NAND (Not-AND) gate will not supply voltage to the output if inputs 1 and 2 are both on.

The OR gate will supply voltage to the output if either input 1 or input 2 are on.

The NOR (Not-OR) gate will supply voltage to the output if neither input 1 nor input 2 are on.

By repeatedly connecting the simple circuitries of AND, NAND, OR, and NOR gates, complex circuitry can be created. Microchips, including CPUs, are constructed with dozens to millions of similar logic circuits.

Binary Logic

Typical binary states are yes-no, true-false, and on-off. The electronic circuitry logic as described above produces binary logic. Binary logic is not similar to mental logic, nor can the Universe's origins be based on binary logic.

"Nevertheless, there is a belief within some scientific theories that Reality is based on information which is constructed in binary terms. The idea is that information is perceived and then stored as either true or false statements (a zero or a one (0 or 1), on or off). Binary theories express the thought that Reality is as a binary-coded computer program with bits of information encoded into it. Imagine the size of a computer hard drive you would need! There simply is not a sufficient quantity of elements in the universe to contain the concept of your dog, let alone all the information required for the elements to exist themselves. Binary theories are not logical nor feasible within currently established laws of physics, and it will also be shown later that useful information does not reside in binary form. ...

Binary is like a digital square wave where information is measured from only one of two possible scales; on or off, up or down, 1 or 0, true or false. Binary information does not interact with other binary information, each bit of information is an individual with no contact with other individuals. Binary cannot combine nor self-create concepts. ...

Analog (sine wave form) information contains an unlimited capacity for variable information (like facial expressions). Nothing in Nature is black or white, true or false, yes or no, only smiley faces or sad faces, everything has degrees of everything. ...

In binary terms, there are only 7 bits of information describing the family [of three members]. Heck, I just wrote more than 7 words stating that in binary terms there are only 7 bits of information. Remember now, this is another tough one, but hang in there and let's see if we can figure out what appears to have eluded many theories for generations. If it takes more than 7 bits of information to perceive and/or define 7 bits of information, then doesn't that say something to the effect of "It ain't gonna' work!"? ...

Considering the quantity of binary data needed to fulfill the need for you to describe your perception of the dog, how long would it take you to add the numbers? Well of course it cannot be done, and worse, if we were binary-based, we would be consuming binary information resources faster than we would be solving them. We are not talking about just a few trillion bits of information lost per second, we are talking universe-fulls of binary losses every instant. ...

Please notice that in binary terms the five [sensorial] segments added would have resulted in a number of 31 (1+2+4+8+16=31). Not only are [analog] concepts capable of holding infinitely more information, conceptual perception is mathematically more economical than the terribly inefficient binary. By combining 1,000,000 concepts, they will self-interact and self-create a new concept that has 999,999,999,998 concepts combined (for every combination except the number 2, multiply the number of concepts by itself and then subtract 2 to determine the total number of concepts within the final one). If you are a glutton for self-punishment, you can figure out the binary equivalent on your own.

Now when we bring into memory the 23rd concept of five senses combined, we do not have to mentally drudge-up bits of information, we simply have the concept pop into our minds, and from there we can withdraw whatever manner of information from it that we please. Depending on which sensory perception was the strongest, it will hold dominance within the final concept, and 'flavor' or 'color' the concept accordingly. ...Logically, the more intense the experience, the more intense were the waves, and thus, the more intense the conceptual memory. ..." (Reality, 2003.)

Though there may be popular myths that the mind functions on a binary system, and that the Universe too is constructed on a binary system, the myths are quite obviously irrational and incorrect. The Universe is structured upon waves, spheres of dimensional potential within infinite variables, and so does logic function on an analog scale, not binary.

Dimensional Logic

The normal human manner of thought is expressed two-dimensionally — universal dichotomies — that of there only being opposites; yes and no, up and down, left and right, forward and backward, yes a god and no a god. The belief in a binary nature of Nature is a two-dimensional logic. Linear logic — quantifiable by a line — remains linear regardless of how many lines are used and whether or not the lines are straight and/or curved. Pi is a two-dimensional averaging of a three-dimensional curve as viewed from a linear two-dimensional logic being applied to a three-dimensional perception. The cognition of a two-dimensional line requires three dimensions of mental attention (point A, point B, and an extended mental attention between the points), but the third dimension of applied logic is almost always applied subconsciously (which is verified by the absence of description in mathematics and all related literature). Modern attempts to define the third mental attention usually resort to simply adding more two-dimensional linear lines that are given different names (e.g. time) while claiming that the lines somehow become something other than lines. A four-dimensional logic cannot be described in a normal two-dimensional language because normal human language only possesses two-dimensional and a few three-dimensional words (e.g. cube and sphere). Since there are no four-dimensional words in human languages, and since Reality exists within numerous dimensions beyond three, then no popular theory of physics or mathematics can be valid. As applied to physics and biological interpretations of the mind, binary logic is fully irrelevant.

Logical Logic

Logic must rely on memories of sensorial perceptions, but sensorial perceptions are dramatically influenced by the emotions being expressed during the acts of perception. Psychology has known for over one-hundred years that emotions color sensorial perceptions as well as memories. Positive emotions heighten conscious awareness of sensorial perceptions, which results in heightened memories and logic. Negative emotions cause lower grades of perception, memories, and logic.

The angry man can never possess good logic. The man who exhibits love has the greatest potential for accuracy in logic.

To choose hate, or to choose love, requires logic. By which emotion a man chooses, so does the act validate the man's intelligence, or lack thereof. The definition of logic is found in the firsthand experience of what your mind is currently deciding; whether to choose a logic heightened by love, or to choose a logic dulled by negative emotions. The choice is yours, and the choice, good or bad, was an act of logic.